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Rev. cuba. invest. bioméd ; 32(4): 389-401, oct.-dic. 2013.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-705693

ABSTRACT

Introducción: se reporta la relación entre VIH/sida y enfermedad mental, pero en Cuba no se han estudiado alteraciones de la vida psíquica en pacientes con comienzo de sida. Métodos: población de estudio: pacientes con diagnóstico de aparición de sida a menos de un año del diagnóstico, de ambos sexos; se empleó el sistema de registro SIDATRAT listándose y localizándose los casos. Se propuso conocer el comportamiento de variables de la vida psíquica en pacientes con aparición de sida y su asociación con inmunocompetencia. Resultados: se estimaron estados afectivos, autorregulación psíquica, conductas frente a la enfermedad, linfocitos CD4+ y carga viral en 42 pacientes con inicio de sida con y sin síntomas psicopatológicos. Se emplearon estadísticas descriptivas y ANOVA de comparación de medias para relacionar variables y pruebas robustas confirmatorias. Los estados afectivos negativos no fueron buenos indicadores de alteración psíquica, con medias homogéneas entre grupos. En pacientes sintomáticos predominó la toma de decisiones reflexivas-responsabilidad, con medias superiores para descontrol e inferiores en autocontrol indicadoras de peor afrontamiento. Puntajes altos para autocontrol se asociaron con baja carga viral, pero no con conteos de LT CD4+; no se relacionaron variables psíquicas con inmunocompetencia


Introduction: the relationship between HIV/AIDS and mental illness has been reported, but no studies have been conducted in Cuba about psychic alterations in patients at clinical onset of AIDS. Methods: study population: patients of both sexes with a diagnosis of AIDS onset within a year after diagnosis. The record system SIDATRAT was used to list and locate the cases. The purpose was to learn about the behavior of psychic variables in patients at clinical onset of AIDS and their association with immunocompetence. Results: estimation was made of affective states, psychic self-regulation, behavioral response to the disease, CD4+ lymphocytes and viral load in 42 patients at clinical onset of AIDS with and without psychopathological symptoms. Descriptive statistics analysis, ANOVA mean comparison, was performed to relate variables and robust confirmatory tests. Negative affective states were not good indicators of psychic alteration, with homogeneous means between the groups. Reflexive decision making responsibility predominated among symptomatic patients, with upper means for discontrol and lower means for self-control, indicative of worst coping. High self-control scores were associated with a low viral load, but not with TL CD4+ counts. No psychic variable was related to immunocompetence


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , HIV , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/psychology , Psychic Symptoms , Mental Disorders/diagnosis , Mental Disorders/prevention & control , Health Statistics
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